/* studyinthe.eu — site layer
 * Components are deliberately class-based so the static HTML remains useful without JavaScript.
 */

*,
*::before,
*::after {
  box-sizing: border-box;
}

html {
  min-width: 320px;
  background: var(--color-bg);
  color: var(--color-ink);
  text-size-adjust: 100%;
  scroll-behavior: smooth;
}

body {
  margin: 0;
  min-width: 320px;
  font-family: var(--font-family-sans);
  font-size: var(--font-size-base);
  line-height: var(--line-height-normal);
  background: var(--color-bg);
  color: var(--color-ink);
}

img,
svg {
  display: block;
  max-width: 100%;
}

button,
input,
select,
textarea {
  font: inherit;
}

button,
a {
  -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent;
}

a {
  color: var(--color-primary);
  text-decoration-thickness: 0.08em;
  text-underline-offset: 0.18em;
}

a:visited {
  color: var(--color-link-visited);
}

a:hover {
  color: var(--color-primary-hover);
}

:where(a, button, input, select, textarea, summary):focus-visible {
  outline: 3px solid var(--color-focus);
  outline-offset: 3px;
}

::selection {
  background: var(--color-primary);
  color: var(--color-on-primary);
}

.skip-link {
  position: absolute;
  z-index: var(--z-overlay);
  top: var(--space-2);
  left: var(--space-2);
  padding: var(--space-2) var(--space-3);
  border-radius: var(--radius-sm);
  background: var(--color-primary);
  color: var(--color-on-primary);
  font-weight: 600;
  transform: translateY(-180%);
  transition: transform var(--duration-fast) var(--ease-standard);
}

.skip-link:focus {
  transform: translateY(0);
  color: var(--color-on-primary);
}

.container {
  width: min(100% - 2 * var(--space-4), var(--container-max));
  margin-inline: auto;
}

.visually-hidden {
  position: absolute !important;
  width: 1px !important;
  height: 1px !important;
  padding: 0 !important;
  margin: -1px !important;
  overflow: hidden !important;
  clip: rect(0 0 0 0) !important;
  white-space: nowrap !important;
  border: 0 !important;
}

/* Header and navigation */
.site-header {
  position: sticky;
  z-index: var(--z-header);
  top: 0;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--color-border);
  background: var(--color-bg);
  background: color-mix(in srgb, var(--color-bg) 94%, transparent);
  backdrop-filter: blur(12px);
}

/* Renderer compatibility: the phase-one templates call this wrapper `header-inner`. */
.site-header > .header-inner {
  display: flex;
  min-height: 4.25rem;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: space-between;
  gap: var(--space-3);
  padding-block: var(--space-3);
}

.site-header > nav,
.site-header .header-inner > nav:not(.lang-switch) {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: var(--space-3);
  overflow-x: auto;
}

.site-header > nav a,
.site-header .header-inner > nav:not(.lang-switch) a {
  display: inline-flex;
  min-height: 2.5rem;
  align-items: center;
  border: 1px solid transparent;
  border-radius: var(--radius-sm);
  padding: var(--space-2) var(--space-3);
  color: var(--color-ink-muted);
  font-size: var(--font-size-sm);
  font-weight: 600;
  text-decoration: none;
  white-space: nowrap;
}

.site-header > nav a:hover,
.site-header .header-inner > nav:not(.lang-switch) a:hover {
  border-bottom-color: var(--color-primary);
  color: var(--color-ink);
}

.wordmark {
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: baseline;
  min-width: 10rem;
  color: var(--color-ink);
  font-size: 1.1rem;
  font-weight: 650;
  letter-spacing: -0.02em;
  text-decoration: none;
  white-space: nowrap;
}

.wordmark:hover,
.wordmark:visited {
  color: var(--color-ink);
}

.wordmark > b {
  color: var(--color-accent);
}

.lang-switch a,
.theme-toggle {
  display: inline-flex;
  min-height: 2.5rem;
  align-items: center;
  border: 1px solid transparent;
  border-radius: var(--radius-sm);
  padding: var(--space-2) var(--space-3);
  color: var(--color-ink-muted);
  font-size: var(--font-size-sm);
  font-weight: 600;
  text-decoration: none;
  white-space: nowrap;
}

.lang-switch a:hover,
.lang-switch a[aria-current="page"] {
  color: var(--color-ink);
  border-bottom-color: var(--color-primary);
}

.lang-switch {
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: var(--space-1);
  white-space: nowrap;
}

.lang-switch span {
  color: var(--color-ink-muted);
}

.theme-toggle {
  cursor: pointer;
  border-color: var(--color-border-strong);
  background: var(--color-surface);
  color: var(--color-ink);
}

.theme-toggle:hover {
  border-color: var(--color-primary);
  background: var(--color-surface-alt);
}

.theme-toggle__icon {
  width: 1.1em;
  height: 1.1em;
  margin-inline-end: var(--space-2);
  fill: none;
  stroke: currentColor;
  stroke-linecap: round;
  stroke-width: 1.6;
}

main:focus {
  outline: none;
}

/* Editorial type */
.kicker {
  margin: 0;
  color: var(--color-primary);
  font-size: var(--font-size-xs);
  font-weight: 700;
  letter-spacing: var(--letter-spacing-wider);
  line-height: 1.3;
  text-transform: uppercase;
}

h1,
h2,
h3,
h4 {
  margin: 0;
  color: var(--color-ink);
  font-family: var(--font-family-serif);
  font-weight: 650;
  letter-spacing: var(--letter-spacing-tight);
  line-height: var(--line-height-tight);
  text-wrap: balance;
}

h1 {
  font-size: var(--font-size-3xl);
}

h2 {
  font-size: var(--font-size-2xl);
}

h3 {
  font-size: var(--font-size-xl);
}

h4 {
  font-size: var(--font-size-lg);
}

.hero h1 {
  font-size: var(--font-size-4xl);
  font-variation-settings: "opsz" 72;
}

.hero {
  display: grid;
  gap: var(--space-6);
  align-items: center;
  padding-block: clamp(var(--space-7), 10vw, var(--space-9));
}

.hero__copy {
  display: grid;
  gap: var(--space-3);
}

.hero__media {
  display: block;
  overflow: hidden;
  border: 1px solid var(--color-border);
  border-radius: var(--radius-lg);
  background: var(--color-surface-alt);
}

.hero__media img {
  width: 100%;
  height: auto;
}

@media (min-width: 900px) {
  .hero {
    grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 0.85fr) minmax(0, 1.15fr);
  }
}

.lead {
  max-width: 58ch;
  margin: 0;
  color: var(--color-ink-muted);
  font-family: var(--font-family-serif);
  font-size: var(--font-size-lg);
  line-height: 1.45;
}

sup a {
  font-family: var(--font-family-sans);
  font-size: var(--font-size-xs);
  font-weight: 650;
}

/* Citation links inside badges remain compact visually while exposing a 24px
 * minimum target for touch and keyboard users. */
dd.badge sup a {
  display: inline-flex;
  min-width: 24px;
  min-height: 24px;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  line-height: 1;
  vertical-align: middle;
}

/* Buttons, tags and badges */
.btn {
  display: inline-flex;
  min-height: 2.75rem;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  gap: var(--space-2);
  border: 1px solid transparent;
  border-radius: var(--radius-sm);
  padding: var(--space-2) var(--space-4);
  cursor: pointer;
  font-weight: 650;
  line-height: 1.2;
  text-decoration: none;
}

.btn--primary {
  background: var(--color-primary);
  color: var(--color-on-primary);
}

.btn--primary:hover,
.btn--primary:focus-visible {
  background: var(--color-primary-hover);
  color: var(--color-on-primary);
}

.badge,
.reviewed-badge {
  display: inline-flex;
  width: fit-content;
  align-items: center;
  gap: var(--space-1);
  border-radius: var(--radius-full);
  padding: 0.25rem 0.65rem;
  font-family: var(--font-family-sans);
  font-size: var(--font-size-xs);
  font-weight: 650;
  line-height: 1.35;
}

.reviewed-badge {
  margin: 0;
  background: var(--color-surface-alt);
  color: var(--color-ink-muted);
}

.reviewed-badge__icon {
  width: 0.95rem;
  height: 0.95rem;
  fill: none;
  stroke: currentColor;
  stroke-linecap: round;
  stroke-linejoin: round;
  stroke-width: 1.5;
}

/* Country cards and stat grids */
.country-grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fill, minmax(min(100%, 16.25rem), 1fr));
  gap: var(--space-5);
}

.country-card {
  position: relative;
  border: 1px solid var(--color-border);
  border-radius: var(--radius-md);
  background: var(--color-surface);
  padding: var(--space-5);
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-sm);
}

.country-card {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  gap: var(--space-4);
  min-height: 100%;
}

.country-card__link {
  position: relative;
  z-index: 1;
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: var(--space-3);
  color: var(--color-ink);
  text-decoration: none;
}

.country-card__link::after {
  position: absolute;
  z-index: 0;
  inset: calc(-1 * var(--space-5));
  content: "";
}

.country-card__stats a {
  position: relative;
  z-index: 2;
}

.country-card__link > * {
  position: relative;
  z-index: 1;
}

.country-card:hover,
.country-card:focus-within {
  border-color: var(--color-primary);
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-md);
}

.country-card__flag {
  display: inline-flex;
  width: 2rem;
  height: 1.5rem;
  flex: 0 0 auto;
  border: 1px solid var(--color-border);
  object-fit: cover;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  color: var(--color-primary);
  font-size: var(--font-size-xs);
  font-weight: 700;
}

.country-card__name {
  font-size: var(--font-size-lg);
}

.country-card__stats {
  display: grid;
  gap: var(--space-3);
  margin: 0;
}

.country-card__stats > div {
  display: flex;
  align-items: baseline;
  justify-content: space-between;
  gap: var(--space-3);
  border-top: 1px solid var(--color-border);
  padding-top: var(--space-3);
}

.country-card__stats dt {
  color: var(--color-ink-muted);
  font-size: var(--font-size-sm);
}

.country-card__stats dd {
  margin: 0;
  color: var(--color-ink);
  font-variant-numeric: tabular-nums lining-nums;
  font-weight: 650;
  text-align: right;
}

/* Responsive layout */
@media (min-width: 480px) {
  .container {
    width: min(100% - 2 * var(--space-5), var(--container-max));
  }
}

@media (min-width: 768px) {
  .container {
    width: min(100% - 2 * var(--space-6), var(--container-max));
  }

  .site-header > .header-inner {
    gap: var(--space-5);
  }
}

@media (min-width: 1024px) {
  .container {
    width: min(100% - 2 * var(--space-7), var(--container-max));
  }

  .wordmark {
    font-size: 1.2rem;
  }
}

@media (min-width: 1280px) {
  .container {
    width: min(100% - 2 * var(--space-8), var(--container-max));
  }
}

@media print {
  *,
  *::before,
  *::after {
    background: transparent !important;
    box-shadow: none !important;
    color: #000 !important;
    text-shadow: none !important;
  }

  body {
    font-size: 11pt;
  }

  .site-header,
  .site-footer,
  .theme-toggle,
  .lang-switch,
  .newsletter-form,
  .skip-link {
    display: none !important;
  }

  .container {
    width: 100%;
  }

  .prose {
    max-width: none;
  }

  a,
  a:visited {
    color: inherit;
    text-decoration: underline;
  }

  a[href^="http"]::after {
    content: " (" attr(href) ")";
    font-size: 0.85em;
    overflow-wrap: anywhere;
  }

  .table-scroll {
    overflow: visible;
  }

  .compare-table {
    min-width: 0;
  }
}

@media (prefers-reduced-motion: reduce) {
  html {
    scroll-behavior: auto;
  }

  .skip-link {
    transition: none;
  }
}

/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------
 * Warm Editorial Field Guide redesign
 * Visual-only layer: the existing HTML and progressive enhancements remain
 * the source of truth for navigation, themes and content.
 * ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */

body {
  background:
    radial-gradient(circle at 12% 18%, var(--color-body-deco, rgba(181, 80, 46, 0.035)), transparent 28rem),
    var(--color-bg);
}

/* Full-bleed bands must not create a second horizontal scroll track beside desktop scrollbars. */
html,
body {
  overflow-x: clip;
}

/* A quiet paper surface keeps the inset header legible without a hard bar. */
.site-header {
  border-bottom: 0;
  background: transparent;
  padding: var(--space-3) var(--space-4) 0;
}

.site-header > .header-inner {
  min-height: 4.5rem;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  border: 1px solid color-mix(in srgb, var(--color-border) 90%, var(--color-surface));
  border-radius: 1rem;
  background: color-mix(in srgb, var(--color-surface) 94%, transparent);
  box-shadow: 0 6px 22px rgba(var(--shadow-color), 0.08);
  padding: var(--space-3) clamp(var(--space-4), 3vw, var(--space-6));
}

.wordmark {
  min-width: 0;
  color: var(--color-ink);
  font-family: var(--font-family-serif);
  font-size: clamp(1.3rem, 1.2rem + 0.8vw, 1.8rem);
  font-weight: 600;
  letter-spacing: -0.035em;
}

.site-header .header-inner > nav:not(.lang-switch) {
  order: 3;
  width: 100%;
  border-top: 1px solid var(--color-border);
  padding-top: var(--space-2);
}

.site-header > .header-inner > nav:not(.lang-switch) a,
.site-header .header-inner > nav:not(.lang-switch) a {
  min-height: 2.25rem;
  border-radius: var(--radius-full);
  padding-inline: var(--space-3);
  color: var(--color-ink-muted);
  font-size: var(--font-size-sm);
  letter-spacing: 0.01em;
}

.site-header > .header-inner > nav:not(.lang-switch) a:hover,
.site-header .header-inner > nav:not(.lang-switch) a:hover {
  border-bottom-color: transparent;
  background: var(--color-surface-alt);
  color: var(--color-primary);
}

.lang-switch a,
.theme-toggle {
  min-height: 2.25rem;
  border-radius: var(--radius-full);
}

.theme-toggle {
  border-color: var(--color-border);
  background: transparent;
}

main[data-page-type="WebSite"] > .hero {
  min-height: min(72dvh, 42rem);
  grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 0.9fr) minmax(0, 1.1fr);
  gap: clamp(var(--space-6), 5vw, var(--space-9));
  align-items: center;
  padding-block: clamp(var(--space-7), 7vw, var(--space-9));
}

.hero__copy {
  align-content: center;
  gap: var(--space-4);
  max-width: 38rem;
}

.hero h1 {
  max-width: 16ch;
  font-size: clamp(2.8rem, 4.7vw, 4.75rem);
  font-variation-settings: "opsz" 72;
  letter-spacing: -0.045em;
  line-height: 1.02;
}

.hero .lead {
  max-width: 52ch;
  color: var(--color-ink-muted);
  font-size: clamp(1.15rem, 1.05rem + 0.45vw, 1.45rem);
  font-style: italic;
  line-height: 1.38;
  padding-bottom: 0.15em;
}

.hero__media {
  align-self: stretch;
  min-height: clamp(20rem, 39vw, 35rem);
  border: 0;
  border-radius: 0;
  background: transparent;
  -webkit-mask-image: linear-gradient(90deg, transparent 0%, #000 12%, #000 100%);
  mask-image: linear-gradient(90deg, transparent 0%, #000 12%, #000 100%);
}

.hero__media img {
  width: 100%;
  height: 100%;
  object-fit: cover;
  object-position: 68% center;
}

.btn {
  border-radius: var(--radius-full);
  transition: transform var(--duration-base) var(--ease-out),
    background-color var(--duration-base) var(--ease-standard),
    border-color var(--duration-base) var(--ease-standard);
}

.btn:hover {
  transform: translateY(-2px);
}

.btn:active {
  transform: translateY(0);
}

.btn--primary {
  background: var(--color-accent);
  color: var(--color-on-accent);
}

.btn--primary:hover,
.btn--primary:focus-visible {
  background: var(--color-accent-hover);
  color: var(--color-on-accent);
}

/* Home-only country band. The selector intentionally excludes all guide pages. */
main[data-page-type="WebSite"] > section[aria-labelledby="countries-heading"] {
  position: relative;
  width: 100vw;
  max-width: 100vw;
  margin-inline: calc(50% - 50vw);
  overflow: hidden;
  border-radius: 1.25rem;
  background-color: var(--color-band, #0E5F5A);
  background-image:
    radial-gradient(circle, var(--color-band-pattern, rgba(250, 248, 243, 0.16)) 1.2px, transparent 1.4px),
    radial-gradient(circle, var(--color-band-pattern, rgba(250, 248, 243, 0.16)) 1px, transparent 1.2px);
  background-position: 0 0, 11px 13px;
  background-size: 22px 22px, 29px 29px;
  color: var(--color-on-band, #FAF8F3);
  padding: clamp(4rem, 8vw, 6rem) clamp(1rem, 6vw, 5rem);
}

main[data-page-type="WebSite"] > section[aria-labelledby="countries-heading"]::before,
main[data-page-type="WebSite"] > section[aria-labelledby="countries-heading"]::after {
  position: absolute;
  z-index: 0;
  right: 0;
  left: 0;
  height: clamp(1.5rem, 3vw, 2.75rem);
  content: "";
  pointer-events: none;
}

main[data-page-type="WebSite"] > section[aria-labelledby="countries-heading"]::before {
  top: 0;
  background: linear-gradient(to bottom, var(--color-bg), transparent);
}

main[data-page-type="WebSite"] > section[aria-labelledby="countries-heading"]::after {
  bottom: 0;
  background: linear-gradient(to top, var(--color-bg), transparent);
}

main[data-page-type="WebSite"] > section[aria-labelledby="countries-heading"] > * {
  position: relative;
  z-index: 1;
}

main[data-page-type="WebSite"] > section[aria-labelledby="countries-heading"] > h2 {
  margin-bottom: clamp(var(--space-5), 4vw, var(--space-7));
  color: var(--color-on-band, #FAF8F3);
  font-size: clamp(2.2rem, 4vw, 3.5rem);
  letter-spacing: -0.035em;
}

main[data-page-type="WebSite"] > section[aria-labelledby="countries-heading"] .country-grid {
  grid-template-columns: 1fr;
  gap: var(--space-5);
}

.country-card {
  min-width: 0;
  overflow: hidden;
  border-color: color-mix(in srgb, var(--color-border) 85%, var(--color-surface));
  border-radius: 0.65rem;
  background: var(--color-surface);
  padding: clamp(var(--space-4), 2.2vw, var(--space-5));
  box-shadow: 0 8px 20px rgba(var(--shadow-color), 0.13), 0 2px 5px rgba(var(--shadow-color), 0.08);
  transition: transform var(--duration-base) var(--ease-out),
    border-color var(--duration-base) var(--ease-standard),
    box-shadow var(--duration-base) var(--ease-standard);
}

.country-card:hover,
.country-card:focus-within {
  border-color: var(--color-accent);
  box-shadow: 0 14px 28px rgba(var(--shadow-color), 0.18), 0 3px 8px rgba(var(--shadow-color), 0.1);
  transform: translateY(-2px);
}

.country-card__link {
  align-items: flex-start;
  justify-content: space-between;
}

.country-card__name {
  order: 1;
  font-size: clamp(1.35rem, 1.2rem + 0.6vw, 1.85rem);
}

.country-card__flag {
  order: 2;
  width: auto;
  height: auto;
  min-width: 2.45rem;
  min-height: 1.9rem;
  margin-inline-start: auto;
  border: 1px solid color-mix(in srgb, var(--color-primary) 20%, var(--color-border));
  border-radius: 0.45rem;
  background: color-mix(in srgb, var(--color-primary) 11%, var(--color-surface));
  padding: 0.28rem 0.5rem;
  color: var(--color-primary);
  font-size: var(--font-size-xs);
  letter-spacing: 0.08em;
}

.country-card__stats {
  gap: var(--space-2);
}

.country-card__stats > div {
  min-height: 3.5rem;
  gap: var(--space-2);
  border-top-color: var(--color-border);
  padding-top: var(--space-3);
}

.country-card__stats dt {
  min-width: 0;
  max-width: 42%;
  flex: 1 1 42%;
  font-size: var(--font-size-xs);
  line-height: 1.35;
}

.country-card__stats dd {
  min-width: 0;
  max-width: 58%;
  flex: 1 1 58%;
  font-size: clamp(0.95rem, 0.9rem + 0.25vw, 1.15rem);
  line-height: 1.25;
  overflow-wrap: anywhere;
}

.country-card__stats dd.badge {
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: flex-end;
  gap: 0.25rem;
}

.country-card__stats > div:first-child dd {
  font-size: clamp(1.05rem, 0.98rem + 0.35vw, 1.3rem);
  font-weight: 700;
}

.country-card sup a,
.country-card sup a:visited {
  display: inline-flex;
  min-width: 1.45rem;
  min-height: 1.45rem;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  border-radius: 0.3rem;
  background: color-mix(in srgb, var(--color-primary) 12%, var(--color-surface));
  color: var(--color-primary);
  font-size: 0.68rem;
  line-height: 1;
  text-decoration: none;
}

.country-card .reviewed-badge {
  margin-top: auto;
  background: color-mix(in srgb, var(--color-surface-alt) 86%, var(--color-surface));
}

@media (min-width: 700px) {
  main[data-page-type="WebSite"] > section[aria-labelledby="countries-heading"] .country-grid {
    grid-template-columns: repeat(2, minmax(0, 1fr));
  }
}

@media (min-width: 900px) {
  .site-header .header-inner > nav:not(.lang-switch) {
    order: initial;
    width: auto;
    border-top: 0;
    padding-top: 0;
  }
}

@media (min-width: 1100px) {
  main[data-page-type="WebSite"] > section[aria-labelledby="countries-heading"] .country-grid {
    grid-template-columns: repeat(4, minmax(0, 1fr));
  }
}

@media (max-width: 899px) {
  main[data-page-type="WebSite"] > .hero {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    min-height: auto;
  }

  .hero h1 {
    max-width: 18ch;
  }

  .hero__media {
    min-height: 0;
    aspect-ratio: 4 / 3;
    -webkit-mask-image: linear-gradient(180deg, transparent 0%, #000 10%, #000 100%);
    mask-image: linear-gradient(180deg, transparent 0%, #000 10%, #000 100%);
  }

  .hero__media img {
    object-position: 66% center;
  }
}

@media (max-width: 479px) {
  .site-header {
    padding-inline: var(--space-3);
  }

  .site-header > .header-inner {
    gap: var(--space-2);
    padding-inline: var(--space-3);
  }

  .site-header .header-inner > nav:not(.lang-switch) {
    margin-inline: calc(-1 * var(--space-3));
    padding-inline: var(--space-2);
  }

  main[data-page-type="WebSite"] > .hero {
    padding-block: var(--space-7);
  }

  .hero h1 {
    font-size: clamp(2.5rem, 12vw, 3.25rem);
  }

  main[data-page-type="WebSite"] > section[aria-labelledby="countries-heading"] {
    border-radius: 0.9rem;
    padding-inline: var(--space-4);
  }
}